Why Saudi Arabia Engages with BRICS Without Formally Joining

Source: The Indian Express | Original Published At: 2026-09-15 06:15:54 UTC

Key Points

• Saudi Arabia was invited to join BRICS at the 2023 Johannesburg summit and has participated in BRICS meetings, but has not formally confirmed membership.
• Saudi Arabia attended the 18th BRICS Summit in New Delhi as an invited country to deepen ties with major emerging markets, including China and India.
• China and India are among the biggest buyers of Saudi crude, while Riyadh seeks to diversify its economy and expand non-oil exports.
• Saudi engagement with BRICS also allows Riyadh to explore alternative trade and settlement arrangements, including greater use of local currencies.
• A key reason for not formalizing membership is Saudi Arabia's strategic relationship with the United States, particularly in defence, technology and civil nuclear cooperation.
• Saudi Arabia and India have expanded ties through the Strategic Partnership Council, with bilateral trade of $41.88 billion in 2024-25.